• aeronautics : the science, art, or work of designing, making, and operating aircraft

32. astronomy [astro-, star + nomos, order, law] : the science of the stars, planets, and all other heavenly bodies, dealing with their composition, motion, relative position, size, etc./ 천문학

33. astronomer : an expert in astronomy/ 천문학자

• Astronomer is built on Greek astron, star, and nomos, arrangement, law, or order. The astronomer is interested in the arrangement of stars and other celestial bodies. His profession is astronomy, the adjective is astronomical, a word often used Astronomy deals in such enormous distances (the sun, for example, is 93,000,000 miles from the earth, and light from stars travels toward the earth at 186,000 miles per second) that the adjective astronomical is applied to any tremendously big figure.

34. astronomical : extremely large, as the numbers or quantities used in astronomy/ 천문학적인 (숫자의, 양의)

35. exponential : produced or expressed by multiplying a set of quantities by themselves

• The population is increasing on an exponential curve.
• an exponential growth rate

36. exponent [ex-, out + ponere, to put] :
① a person who expresses, supports, performs, or is an example of a stated thing
② a sign written above and to the right of a number or letter in Mathematics to show  how many times that quantity is to multiplied by itself/ 지수

• He is one of the leading exponents of Freudian psychiatry.
• In 12¹⁰ the number 10 is the exponent.

37. geometric(al) progression : 기하급수(적으로) (as in 1, 2, 4, 8 …)

• Women's lives were changing at a rate of geometric progression.

38. arithmetic(al) progression : 산술급수(적으로) (as in 2, 4, 6, 8 ...)

39. disaster [dis-, away, opposite side, not good + astron, a star : from astrological notions: cf. ill-starred] : any happening that causes great harm or damage; serious or sudden misfortune; calamity/ 재난

• Everything is going well, and then suddenly disaster struck.

Comparison 
disaster implies great or sudden misfortune that results in loss of life, property, etc. or that is ruinous to an undertaking; calamity suggests a grave misfortune that brings deep distress or sorrow to an individual or to the people at large; catastrophe is specifically applied to a disastrous end or outcome; cataclysm suggests a great upheaval, esp. a political or social one, that causes sudden and violent change with attending distress, suffering, etc.

40. disastrous : very bad

• The new system has had a disastrous effect on productivity.
• Disaster and disastrous also come from astron, star. In ancient times it was believed that the stars ruled human destiny; any misfortune or calamity, therefore, happened to someone because the stars were opposed to him. We realize now that a man's fate is largely fashioned by his personality, by economic forces, and by the actions of other men.
  　

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First uploaded : November 22, 1999 / Last updated : March 2, 2002